Myanmar
Quick Facts
| Population | 53 million (2017) |
| GDP at PPP (current international dollars) | 328 billion (2017) |
| GDP per capita at PPP (current international dollars) | 6,139 (2017) |
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In the area of agriculture, Myanmar is coordinating with its GMS partners to increase subregional agricultural trade, while joining efforts to improve food security, address rising energy costs, and develop its production of agri-food products.
Myanmar is one of the GMS countries most vulnerable to climate change, and is working with its subregional partners to increase its climate resilience.
Myanmar has substantial energy resources that could support the expansion of commercial energy production. The government seeks to address climate change concerns by promoting the use of alternative fuels in households, promoting wider use of new and renewable energy sources, and promoting energy efficiency and conservation. Cross-border power connections with GMS neighbors are being developed for the export of hydropower.
Nearly half of Myanmar is covered in forests, and the country enjoys large freshwater and marine resources. The country is a biodiversity hotspot with more than 1,000 bird species and 7,000 different types of plants. Myanmar is working to increase forest protection, and coordinate with its GMS partners on subregional initiatives involving the environment.
In the area of human resource development, Myanmar is working to improve access to education in border areas with vocational training schools, including those specifically serving women. The country is also working with its GMS partners on social protection for children, anti-trafficking initiatives, control of malaria and other communicable diseases, and safe labor migration. Increasing the accessibility to both basic and higher education is a national government goal, as is greater information exchange with GMS partner countries.
Myanmar is modernizing and improving its telecommunications and information communications technology systems. This includes programs for improving international exchange links, and developing rural communications systems. The Government is working to reduce the digital divide and to establish connectivity nationwide.
Myanmar is promoting tourism that generates foreign exchange, creates jobs, and contributes to poverty reduction. The country’s attractions include the iconic Shwedagon Pagoda and Bagan, known as the land of a thousand pagodas. Inlay Lake and Mandalay are also important attractions for visitors. Myanmar cooperates in subregional tourism working groups that facilitate the sharing of expertise with GMS neighbors. Myanmar’s private sector is undergoing dramatic changes. Studies are underway to examine how best to support the development of trade and investment in order to spread its benefits to the poor and vulnerable.
Regulatory reforms that promote private sector investment are being undertaken, and investments are being considered in agriculture, tourism, manufacturing and other sectors. Myanmar is seeking to expand its trade with GMS partners. Myanmar is an important GMS transport link to South Asia.
The government has recognized the importance of improving its domestic transport network, including roads that connect to the subregional corridors. The country also has an extensive rail network, an important deep water port, and a domestic river transport network.
The ASEAN Infrastructure Fund has launched an “Inclusive Finance Facility” to provide concessional financing for critical infrastructure in three countries in the Greater Mekong Subregion—Cambodia, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, and Myanmar.
Southeast Asia will sustain growth at close to 5% this year and next, according to a new Asian Development Bank report.
YANGON, MYANMAR (3 April 2019) — Myanmar’s economic growth is expected to pick up in 2019 and 2020, thanks to higher foreign direct investment and positive responses to the government’s economic and policy reforms.
A new bridge now links the border towns of Myawaddy in Myanmar and Mae Sot in Thailand.
Pilot projects in the Greater Mekong Subregion are helping increase small farmers’ income by enhancing their access to the lucrative organic food market using a community-based certification system.
A technical assistance project in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) is helping Myanmar eliminate malaria by 2030.
NAY PYI TAW, MYANMAR (2 January 2019) — The Asian Development Bank signed an agreement on 21 December 2018 to provide a $10 million equity investment to Ascent Myanmar Growth Fund I LP, a Myanmar-focused private equity fund, to provide much-needed capital investment for the growth and expansion of small and medium-sized enterprises operating in the Southeast Asian country.
The Asian Development Bank's operations in Myanmar address the strategic areas of infrastructure connectivity, human capital and skills development, and structural and institutional reform to improve the inclusiveness of the country’s economic growth.
MANILA, PHILIPPINES (12 December 2018) — Senior officials of the Greater Mekong Subregion will convene this week at the 10th GMS Economic Corridors Forum (ECF-10) in Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar to discuss ways to fast-track infrastructure development and boost growth along key economic corridors connecting the subregion.
This report presents the findings of the assessment of the Myanmar component of the Greater Mekong Subregion economic corridors.